Fig. 5
From: Arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI applications in drug-resistant epilepsy and epileptic emergency
Examples of different patterns of postictal hypoperfusion in brainstem respiratory centers. a Image from a patient with monthly focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures (FBTCS). Subtraction cerebral blood flow (CBF) map (baseline-postictal) showed hypoperfusion > Δ15 CBF units in the right ventral medulla (yellow arrow) across 3 axial slices. b Image from a patient with infrequent FBTCS (< 1 per year). Subtraction CBF map (baseline-postictal) showed no significant hypoperfusion in any of the brainstem respiratory center regions of interest. Permission was granted by Liu et al. (© Wolters Kluwer Health [45]) to reuse this figure