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Table 6 Items recommended to be monitored at baseline and/or during KD-PN

From: Calculation and management of ketogenic diet parenteral nutrition in super-refractory status epilepticus

Item

Baseline

During KD-PN

Weight and height

Y

N

Vital signs

Y

Y (qd)

Intake/output

Y (dietary)

Y (qd)

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

Y

Y (qd)

Blood gas and osmolarity

N

Y (qd)

Comprehensive metabolic panel

 Serum glucose

Y

Goal range: 55-79 mg/dl

< 50 mg/dl, repeat in 3 h

< 45 mg/dl, repeat in 1 h

 Serum β-HBA

Y

Y(qd)

 AST, ALT, GGT,

Y

Y (biw-tiw)

 Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)

Y

Y (biw-tiw)

 Bilirubin

Y

Y (biw-tiw)

 Amylase/lipase, pancreatic enzymes

Y

Y (qw)

 Na, K, Cl, Mg, PO4, Ca

Y

Y (qd)

 Albumin

Y

Y (biw-tiw)

 Lipid profile (TG, HDL-C)

Y

Y (qd)

 Creatinine

Y

Y (biw-tiw)

 Urea

Y

Y (biw-tiw)

Blood routine

 Complete blood count

Y

Y (biw)

 Hemoglobin

Y

Y (biw)

 Leukocyte

Y

Y (biw)

Urine analysis

 Urine ketones

Y

Y (qd)

Monitoring when possible

  Serum concentrations of AEDs

Y

Y (biw-qw)

 Serum minerals (ferritin, copper, etc.)

Y

Y (monthy)

 Vitamins D 25-OH

Y

Y (monthy)

 Folic acid

Y

Y (monthy)

 Urine calcium and creatinine

Y

Y (monthy)

 Serum carnitine profiles (free and total)

Y

Y (monthy)

  1. N No, Y Yes