Table 5 Assessment tools for ER in the primary studies included in this meta-analysis
Paradigm | Subgroup | Number of Studies k, epilepsy patients NE and control subjects NHC | Effect size d (= Hedge’s g), [CI 95%] |
|---|---|---|---|
Ekman & Friesen Pictures of Facial Affect | TLE | k = 19, NE = 764, NHC = 553 | d = 1.07 [0.60; 1.54] |
FLE | k = 1, NE = 14, NHC = 14 | d = 1.83 [0.92; 2.74] | |
eTLE/eFLE | k = 3, NE = 71, NHC = 93 | d = 0.81 [0.25; 1.38] | |
NimStim Set of Facial Expressions | TLE | k = 3, NE = 90, NHC = 109 | d = 0.34 [-0.21; 0.90] |
Comprehensive Affect Testing System | TLE | k = 1, NE = 28, NHC = 29 | d = 0.72 [0.19; 1.27] |
eTLE/eFLE | k = 1, NE = 14, NHC = 29 | d = 0.25 [-0.39; 0.90] | |
Dynamic Facial Expressions | TLE | k = 1, NE = 88, NHC = 32 | d = 1.03 [0.60; 1.46] |
Florida Affect Battery | TLE | k = 1, NE = 52, NHC = 43 | d = 0.65 [0.23; 1.07] |
The Awareness of Social Inference Test part 1 | TLE | k = 1, NE = 50, NHC = 15 | d = 1.09 [0.48; 1.70] |
Montreal Affective Voices | TLE | k = 1, NE = 50, NHC = 50 | d = 0.44 [0.04; 0.84] |
Emotional Prosody Recognition Battery | TLE | k = 1, NE = 41, NHC = 50 | d = 0.83 [0.40; 1.27] |
Vocal Expressions of Emotion | TLE | k = 1, NE = 25, NHC = 32 | d = 0.48 [-0.05; 1.02] |
Emotionally Expressive Gaits | TLE | k = 1, NE = 20, NHC = 11 | d = 0.30 [-0.44; 1.04] |
Radboud Face Database | TLE | k = 1, NE = 17, NHC = 51 | d = 0.60 [0.04; 1.17] |
STOIC Dynamic Facial Emotional Expressions Database | TLE | k = 1, NE = 17, NHC = 51 | d = 0.91 [0.34; 1.49] |
Berlin Database of Emotional Speech | TLE | k = 1, NE = 17, NHC = 51 | d = 0.52 [-0.03; 1.09] |
3-Dimensional Facial Expressions Database | TLE | k = 1, NE = 15, NHC = 13 | d = 1.75 [0.85; 2.65] |
Karolinska’s Facial Affect Pictures | TLE | k = 1, NE = 12, NHC = 15 | d = 1.02 [0.20; 1.85] |