Fig. 3

Illustration of electrode placement in the neck accompanied with implanted stimulator, and the efferent vagus nerve pathway. The nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) receives information from afferent fibers in the vagus and sends excitatory fibers, mostly glutamatergic, to the locus coeruleus (LC). This in turn sends noradrenergic projections to the amygdala (AMYG), thalamus (THL) and hippocampus (HIPP), and finally the cortex receives thalamic inputs. Created with BioRender.com