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Table 1 Two cases of anesthetics-induced epileptic seizures who had a history of epilepsy

From: Two cases of anesthetics-induced epileptic seizures: a case report and literature review

 

Sex/ age

History of epilepsy

AEDs before surgery

Seizure-free duration

Surgery

Anesthesia

Epileptic seizure

Treatment

EEG

CT/MRI

AEDs after surgery

One year follow-up

Case 1

Female/16

GTCS 13 years ago, lasting 1–2 min and repeated more than 10 times intermittently

Sodium valproate and oxcarbazepine

3 years

Rhinoplasty and double-eyelid surgery

Propofol (100 mg) General anesthesia

During surgery, the patient began to present with spasmodical convulsions, more prominent on the upper and lower extremities .

Midazolam (10 mg) and Diazepam (20 mg)

Normal

Normal

Oxcarbazepine (300 mg bid), Sodium valproate (500 mg bid)

No seizure

Case 2

Female/34

Limb clonic seizures 5 years ago, lasting 2–4 min. This attack occurred 1–2 times a day, more frequently in the afternoon.

Sodium valproate, oxcarbazepine, and lamotrigine

5 years

Bilateral tonsillectomy

Lidocaine (160 mg) Local anesthesia

Immediately after local anesthesia, the patient suffered from a GTCS, which lasted for about 20 min.

Diazepam (10 mg)

Increase of slow waves in both hemispheres

Slight enlargement of the left ventricle temporal horn

Lamotrigine (75 mg bid), Sodium valproate (500 mg bid)

No seizure

  1. AEDs Antiepileptic drugs, EEG Electroencephalography, CT Computed tomography, MRI Magnetic resonance imaging, GTCS Generalized tonic-clonic seizure